Togo is a tropical, sub-Saharan nation whose economy depends mostly on agriculture. The official language is French, but other languages are spoken, particularly those of the Gbe family.
Tagged “The Slave Coast” during the era of slavery in West Africa, Togo became independent of its colonial lords, France on 27 April 1960. Bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north, Togo extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, where its capital Lomé is located. The country lies mostly between latitudes 6° and 11°N, and longitudes 0º and 2°E. The official currency of Togo is the CFA Franc and French is the official language.
The most numerous of the ethnic groups in Togo are the Ewe in the south who make up 32% of the population. Along the southern coastline they account for 21% of the population. The Kotokoli or Tem and Tchamba in the centre and the Kabye people in the north make up 22%. The Ouatchis are 14% of the population. Other Ethnic groups include the Mina, Mossi, and Aja people (about 8%).
Fazao Mafakassa National Park is the largest National Park in Togo. It is situated between the Kara Region and Centrale Region in semi-mountainous wetland. The Park has dramatic scenery with rocky hills and beautiful waterfalls. It is divided into two parts, the Forest Classée Du Fazao that contains most of the biodiversity of the forest and semi-moist and Malfacassa Zone de Chasse where visitors go hiking in rocky hills. This UNESCO Heritage Site has some rivers draining the park; it includes Kpaza and Koué rivers. Some of the mammals in the park include elephants, chimpanzees, and other small mammal species. The birds in Fazao-Malfakassa National Park include Francolins, Hawk Eagles, grey Parrot, Heron, Senegal Parrot, Hornbill, swamp Greenbull, Senegal Eremomela, Firefinch and sunbirds among others.
This Park is found on the Kamongou riverbanks in northern Togo. This Togo national park was established in 1971 to protect Keran forest reserve and Oti reserve which is found on the banks of river Oti. The Park also protects Mare-aux-Lions, a small wetland area close to the Koumongou River where one can come across birds and mammals of different types. The Park is located near Naboulgou, a town in northern Togo. There are many species of mammals in Keran National Park. Many of the animals congregate along the riverbanks during the dry season and these include bay duiker, elephants, bushbuck, Sitatunga, Bongo, red flanked duiker, roan, reedbuck, hartebeest, waterbuck, and many others.
Togo’s best waterfall is the 35m (115ft) Akloa Falls. It’s like something out of a shampoo commercial: water gushing down a cliff, and people frolicking in the pool below, surrounded by lush vegetation. The falls are accessed via a strenuous climb that follows the Domi River and passes through coffee fields, pineapple plantations and a butterfly garden.
It is the largest part of a lagoon in Togo, separated from the head by a narrow coastal strip. It is shallow and a popular location good for boating, windsurfing, water skiing and other water sports. Towns on the lake’s shore include Agbodrafo and Togoville. Lake Togo is warm and dirty brown fresh water. It often has a light breeze. A basic windsurfing rig can be rented from some hotels/resorts around the lake. This was the homeland of numerous slaves taken to Haiti, who were members of the voodoo cult.
An attraction in the Kpalime area of Togo are the mountains around Klouto where the huge variety of butterflies attract enthusiasts each year. Kpalime is a resort town near the Togo-Ghana border and is a good base for excursions and hiking into the beautiful hill country. One such trip is to Pic d’Agou, Togo’s highest mountain. The Encarta Encyclopaedia and the Guidebook on tourism puts Pic d’Agou at 986 meters high. The highest village on Pic d’Agou was said to be a place of refuge in times of war.
The Koutammakou landscape in north-eastern Togo, which extends into neighbouring Benin, is home to the Batammariba whose remarkable mud tower-houses (Takienta) have come to be seen as a symbol of Togo. In this landscape, nature is strongly associated with the rituals and beliefs of society. The 50,000-ha cultural landscape is remarkable due to the architecture of its tower-houses which reflect social structure; its farmland and forest; and the associations between people and landscape. Many of the buildings are two-storey high and those with granaries feature an almost spherical form above a cylindrical base. Some of the buildings have flat roofs, others have conical thatched roofs. They are grouped in villages, which also include ceremonial spaces, springs, rocks and sites reserved for initiation ceremonies.
This is the national museum of Togo located in the capital, Lomé. Founded in 1975, it houses ethnographical, cultural, and artistic exhibits. The National Museum has very good displays of the history and culture of Togo including some of Benin and Nigeria, as these countries have close links historically and some tribes are common in all these countries. The building is modern and air conditioned, with the displays well set out and labelled in French. There is an English-speaking guide available. On the ground floor the displays concentrate on the history and culture of the tribes with examples of hats worn by the Fulani, a dowry hat with horns for weddings, musical instruments, farming tools, drums, weapons and furniture, textiles, pottery, and baskets as well as photographs of the Tata Somba houses of the North. In the basement the display concentrates on history, particularly slavery, with examples of chains and shackles and weapons. There are photographs of the signing of the protectorate treaty in 1884 between the King of Togoland and Germany, and of the many important governors, presidents and royalty associated with Togoland in the late 19th and early 20th century.
During the various periods of insecurity that occurred in the region from the 17th to the 19th centuries, the Nok and Maproug Caves and Granaries were used as a shelter and refuge for the native population. Located within the Nano village community, on the heights, a lookout was in charge of warning the populace. When a threat appeared, the lookout lit a fire to alert the villages. Women and children would then seek refuge in caves. The village could survive on its own for several weeks. Many granaries (134) and chicken coops that were compartmentalized to save space can still be seen. They open upwards and are cylindrical, oblong, or semi-spherical in shape. These granaries, carved in the traditional architectural style from local materials, housed the crops. A small spring supplied water. These people lived as semi-cave men against the cliff face, overlooking the valley below. An iron staircase at the cliff's edge leads to the caves. The vault is sometimes one meter high between each attic, with the entire structure facing a dizzying panorama. The caves and granaries of Nok and Maproug are close to Dapaong, and they have been proposed as UNESCO World Heritage sites.
Exciting photos of this great destination
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